Clean Energy

Challenge & Opportunity

The world’s demand for energy is rising fast. Every streaming video, every electric vehicle, every modern city depends on a reliable supply of electricity. But today, most of that power still comes from burning fossil fuels, the largest single source of global carbon emissions.

Clean energy represents one of the greatest opportunities of our lifetime: the chance to build an energy system that is reliable, abundant, and carbon-free. Wind and solar energy are already well established and having a significant impact. Newer technologies such as advanced geothermal, hydrogen, offshore wind, and even nuclear fusion are accelerating far more quickly than most people realize. The transition is no longer a distant goal; it’s underway.

The opportunity is to shape the energy systems that will define the next century.

Advanced Geothermal
Enhanced Geothermal Systems (EGS) use precise drilling and fiber-optic sensing to access deep underground heat. Unlike solar and wind, geothermal provides clean 24/7 baseload electricity, making it a powerful complement to intermittent renewables.

Hydrogen Energy
Hydrogen can store and transport clean energy over long distances. Green hydrogen, produced via electrolysis powered by renewable electricity, has the potential to decarbonize industries, transportation, and power generation. It is particularly promising for sectors that are hard to electrify, like heavy industry and shipping.

Fusion Energy
Fusion aims to recreate the reactions that power the sun. If commercialized, fusion could deliver virtually limitless carbon-free power with minimal land use and no long-lived nuclear waste. It remains in development, but progress is advancing quickly.

Together, these technologies form a diversified clean-energy portfolio capable of decarbonizing the world’s power systems.

Powering the Future

Examples

Fervo Energy
A leader in enhanced geothermal. Fervo combines horizontal drilling and fiber-optic sensing to build highly efficient geothermal systems capable of delivering around-the-clock clean power.
www.fervoenergy.com

Plug Power
A pioneer in green hydrogen solutions, producing hydrogen fuel cells for industrial, transport, and energy applications. They are helping make hydrogen a practical, low-carbon energy source.
www.plugpower.com

Commonwealth Fusion Systems
A leader in commercial nuclear fusion. Commonwealth Fusion Systems combines advanced design with high-temperature superconducting magnets to develop compact fusion power plants capable of delivering reliable, carbon-free energy at grid scale.
www.cfs.energy

Companies Making an Impact

Category

Climate Impact

Innovation Momentum

Scalability

Real-World Adoption

Clean Energy – Climate Impact And Readiness Assessment (CIARA)

Score

9/10

9/10

8/10

7/10

Overall CIARA Score: 8.25 / 10

Clean energy - solar and wind are well-established. New developments in geothermal, hydrogen, and fusion, are some of the most promising and necessary transformations of the 21st century.

Why it Matters

Clean energy directly replaces fossil fuels, offering some of the fastest and largest emissions cuts.

Breakthroughs in geothermal, hydrogen, and fusion are accelerating rapidly.

Geothermal and hydrogen scale quickly; fusion is longer-term but could provide future global baseload power.

Costs are falling and deployment is rising, though permitting and grid upgrades remain hurdles.